藤茶保健含片的研制

以藤茶浓缩汁、麦芽糖醇、山梨糖醇和低聚异麦芽糖为主要原料,经混合、造粒、干燥、压片等工序,制成了低热量、具有保健功能的藤茶含片.     

显齿蛇葡萄提取物抗油脂氧化作用研究

用显齿蛇葡萄Ampelopsis grossedentata幼嫩茎叶提取物进行抗氧化试验,结果表明:显齿蛇葡萄幼嫩茎叶提取物有很强的抗氧化作用.0.2%的显齿蛇葡萄提取物对油脂的抗氧化效果超过同浓度的BHA及生姜提取物,0.7%的显齿蛇葡萄提取物对菜油、猪油的氧化抑制率比0.2%的BHA分别高出49.8%、9.4%,比0.2%生姜提取物分别高出46.5%、62.2%.     

显齿蛇葡萄基本成分研究

对显齿蛇葡萄（Ampelopsis grossdentata)幼嫩茎叶中的粗蛋白,水溶性蛋白,氨基酸组分,总灰分,无机营养元素,多酚,水提取物,总黄酮以及其中的二氢杨梅素含量作了测定,结果表明：显齿蛇葡萄幼嫩茎叶中粗蛋白氨基酸及无机营养元素含量丰富,多酚,水提取率,总黄酮和二氢杨梅素含量高。显齿蛇葡萄幼嫩茎叶既可粗加工为具特殊风味的类茶产品,又可作集营养,保健,药用功能于一体的资源加以深度开发。     

俞藤属—葡萄科一新属

作者在研究中国葡萄科植物过程中发现分布于中国亚热带、尼泊尔和印度卡西山区一些植物种自成一类,与葡萄科现有属的定义不符,命名为一新属-愈藤属（YuaC.L.Li)。文中讨论了它与爬山虎属（Parthenocissus Planch.)、崖爬藤属（TetrastigmaPlanch.)、乌蔹莓属（CayratiaJuss.)和蛇葡萄属（Ampelopsis Michx.)的区别,并在野外和栽培条件下观察了某些重要属级鉴定性状在个体发育过程中的表现,以证明其可靠。为了正确鉴定这个属和种类,给出了包括这些属在内的国产葡萄科植物分属检索表和该属的分种检索表,最后,讨论了俞藤属的地理分布及其意义。     

藤茶中香气组成的气相色谱测定

本文用GC和GC/MS系统测定了藤茶中的香气组成。鉴定出28种香气成分,占香精油总量的64％。藤茶中的香气主要成分为反-2-已烯醛、乙酸顺-3-己烯酯、三甲基吡嗪、苯乙醛、α-萜品醇、水杨酸甲酯、香叶醇、β-紫罗酮、顺-茉莉酮、雪松醇、6,10,14-三甲基-2-十五烷酮等。并考察了藤茶中键合态香气成分向游离态转化的潜力。     

广西瑶族藤茶化学成份的研究

从广西瑶族藤茶,即显齿蛇葡萄(Ampelopsis grossedentata)中提取分离出两种黄酮类化合物,经化学和光谱解析,鉴定为杨梅树皮素(Myricetin,C_(15)H_(10)O_8,结晶Ⅰ),双氢杨梅树皮素(DL-dihydromyricetin,C_(15)H_(12)O_8,结晶Ⅱ),其中杨梅树皮素为首次报道从该植物中获得。     

蛇白蔹白藜芦醇合酶基因CNRS2的克隆与原核表达

白藜芦醇合酶(resveratrol synthetic enzyme,RS)是植物白藜芦醇合成途径中的关键酶,利用已知的葡萄RS基因(AF274281)序列设计并合成了一对引物,以蛇白蔹基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增得到包含RS完整基因在内的一段序列,测序与序列分析表明:该克隆片段全长1 536bp,其中包含一个内含子及两个外显子。采用悬挂延伸PCR法克隆了目的基因,命名为CNRS2。序列分析表明该基因的开放读码框1 170 bp,编码389个氨基酸残基。同源性比较发现,CNRS2与已知葡萄RS基因序列的同源性达93%～98%。CNRS2与pET-30a(+)构建原核表达载体,经IPTG诱导后可表达获得相对分子量约为46 kD的外源融合蛋白。以上结果证实CNRS2属葡萄RS基因家族成员,为今后进一步对该基因的研究利用打下基础。     

Tolerance to herbivory, and not resistance, may explain differential success of invasive, naturalized, and native North American temperate vines

Numerous hypotheses suggest that natural enemies can influence the dynamics of biological invasions. Here, we use a group of 12 related native, invasive, and naturalized vines to test the relative importance of resistance and tolerance to herbivory in promoting biological invasions. In a field experiment in Long Island, New York, we excluded mammal and insect herbivores and examined plant growth and foliar damage over two growing seasons. This novel approach allowed us to compare the relative damage from mammal and insect herbivores and whether damage rates were related to invasion. In a greenhouse experiment, we simulated herbivory through clipping and measured growth response. After two seasons of excluding herbivores, there was no difference in relative growth rates among invasive, naturalized, and native woody vines, and all vines were susceptible to damage from mammal and insect herbivores. Thus, differential attack by herbivores and plant resistance to herbivory did not explain invasion success of these species. In the field, where damage rates were high, none of the vines were able to fully compensate for damage from mammals. However, in the greenhouse, we found that invasive vines were more tolerant of simulated herbivory than native and naturalized relatives. Our results indicate that invasive vines are not escaping herbivory in the novel range, rather they are persisting despite high rates of herbivore damage in the field. While most studies of invasive plants and natural enemies have focused on resistance, this work suggests that tolerance may also play a large role in facilitating invasions.     

茅岩莓的利用现状与扦插栽培技术

茅岩莓茶是张家界市土家族地区的特色保健茶产品,开发利用它对促进山区村民的脱贫致富和农业产业结构调整有着重要意义。本文对茅岩莓的研究与利用现状进行了分析,在大量调查研究的基础上,总结和归纳了茅岩莓的扦插育苗技术和优质高效栽培技术。     

白蔹单宁化学成分的研究

从白蔹Ａｍｐｅｌｏｐｓｉｓ ｊａｐｏｎｉｃａ（Ｔｈｕｎｍｂ．）Ｍａｋｉｎｏ的乙酸乙酯提取物中分离出５个单宁化合物。经光谱分析和化学方法鉴定,它们为没食子酸（ｇａｌｌｉｃ ａｃｉｄ,１）,１,２,６－三氧－没食子酰基－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖（１,２,６－ｔｒｉ－Ｏ－ｇａｌｌｏｙ１－β－Ｄ－ｇｌｕｃｏｐｙｒａｎｏｓｉｄｅ,２）,１,２,３,６－四氧－没食子酰基－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖（１,２,４,６－ｔｅｔｒ